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An excellent recent article describes how the development of atherosclerosis could be due to age-related stem cell loss. Scientists believe that with age the ability of bone marrow-derived stem cells to repair damage and rejuvenate ateries decreases and this manifests diseases like arteriosclerosis. Scientists bred mice genetically engineered to have symptoms of atherosclerosis, and injected the experimental group with "bone-marrow-derived vascular progenitor cells," a type of stem cell. The experimental group had significantly less damage to the aorta vs. controls, and after injection the stem cells migrated to where they were most needed and differentiated into a variety of cell types. Additionally, the epidermal tissue of the mice treated with stem cells had longer telomeres (bling!). Of much significance, researchers also found that when the donors of stem cells were older mice rather than the younger mice, the injections were much less efficacious at repairing tissues.
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"...if you compare someone who is over 60 with someone who is 20 with the same risk factors, there is obviously something else going on as well... the possibility that stem cells may be involved is a completely new piece of the puzzle that had not been anticipated or appreciated before. These findings could be the clue to help us explain why atherosclerosis complications like heart attacks and strokes are almost exclusively diseases of older people."
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The above thoughts that aging and the development of pathologies like atherosclerosis are due to the decline in function of stem cells is directly in line with my previous posts on reprogramming stem cells as a means to aging attenuation. It would be awesome to see these techniques move into human clinical trials, as these stem cell therapies hold much promise with the treatment of a wide array of disorders that are labelled as having aging as their main cause.
Recent Related References:
- Stem cell and progenitor cell therapy in peripheral artery disease. A critical appraisal. Lawall H, Bramlage P, Amann B. Thromb Haemost. 2010 Feb 19. PMID: 20174766
- Endothelial damage and stem cell repair in atherosclerosis. Bai X, Wang X, Xu Q. Vascul Pharmacol. 2010 Feb 13. PMID: 20156585
- [Use of autologous progenitor cells of the bone marrow in treatment of patients with lower-limb atherosclerosis obliterans] Korymasov EA, Tiumina OV, Aiupov AM et al. Angiol Sosud Khir. 2009. PMID: 20092179
- Visfatin Is a Positive Regulator of MCP-1 in Human Adipocytes In Vitro and in Mice In Vivo. Sommer G, Kralisch S, Kloting N et al. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Dec 24. PMID: 20035281
- CXCR4 positive bone mesenchymal stem cells migrate to human endothelial cell stimulated by ox-LDL via SDF-1alpha/CXCR4 signaling axis. Li M, Yu J, Li Y et al. Exp Mol Pathol. 2009 Dec 16. PMID: 20025867
- American Heart Association--Scientific Sessions 2009. Part 2. Bright J. IDrugs. 2010 Jan. PMID: 20024837
- Endothelial progenitor cells in arthritis-associated vasculogenesis and atherosclerosis. Pákozdi A, Besenyei T, Paragh G et al. Joint Bone Spine. 2009 Dec. PMID: 19945323
- Sequence variants in three loci influence monocyte counts and erythrocyte volume. Ferreira MA, Hottenga JJ, Warrington NM et al. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Nov. PMID: 19853236
- Aging of tissue-resident adult stem/progenitor cells and their pathological consequences. Mimeault M, Batra SK. Panminerva Med. 2009 Jun. PMID: 19776709
- Autologous stem cell therapy for peripheral arterial disease meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature. Fadini GP, Agostini C, Avogaro A. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Mar. PMID: 19740466
- Dual Transfer of GFP Gene and MGd into Stem-Progenitor Cells Toward In Vivo MRI of Stem Cell-Mediated Gene Therapy of Atherosclerosis. Qiu B, Treuting P, Zhan X et al. Acad Radiol. 2010 Mar 12. PMID: 20227305
- Interleukin-10 overexpression in macrophages suppresses atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. Han X, Kitamoto S, Wang H et al. FASEB J. 2010 Mar 30. PMID: 20354139
- Stem/Progenitor cells, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular regeneration. Dotsenko O. Open Cardiovasc Med J. 2010 Feb 23. PMID: 20386616
- Mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into renin-producing juxtaglomerular (JG)-like cells under the control of liver x receptor-alpha. Matsushita K, Morello F, Wu Y et al. J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 16. PMID: 20118482
- A selective cytopheretic inhibitory device to treat the immunological dysregulation of acute and chronic renal failure. Humes HD, Sobota JT, Ding F et al. Blood Purif. 2010. PMID: 20093825
- Myeloid CD34+CD13+ Precursor Cells Transdifferentiate into Chondrocyte-Like Cells in Atherosclerotic Intimal Calcification. Doehring LC, Heeger C, Aherrahrou Z et al. Am J Pathol. 2010 May 20. PMID: 20489139
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters and HDL Suppress Hematopoietic Stem Cell Proliferation. Yvan-Charvet L, Pagler T, Gautier EL et al. Science. 2010 May 20. PMID: 20488992
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells Homing and Renal Repair in Experimental Renovascular Disease. Chade AR, Zhu XY, Krier JD et al. Stem Cells. 2010 Apr 7. PMID: 20506499
- The expression of functional toll-like receptor 4 is associated with proliferation and maintenance of stem cell phenotype in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). He J, Xiao Z, Chen X et al. J Cell Biochem. 2010 May 12. PMID: 20506307
- [Effect of oxidative low-density lipoprotein on the proliferation of bone marrow stem cell- derived smooth muscle cells.] Yan PK, Duan CW, Li SH et al. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2010 May. PMID: 20501376
- Influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites on stem cell biology. Das UN. Nutrition. 2010 Jun 5. PMID: 20570489
- Absence of accelerated atherosclerotic disease progression after intracoronary infusion of bone marrow derived mononuclear cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction--angiographic and intravascular ultrasound--results from the TErapia Celular Aplicada al Miocardio Pilot study. Arnold R, Villa A, Gutiérrez H et al. Am Heart J. 2010 Jun. PMID: 20569733
by Chris Smelick at biologicalgerontology.com
copyright 2003-2009
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